Hobbes and Locke developed the theory of government as a "social contract" between the people who are governed and the government that is established.
Explanation:
- Thomas Hobbes published a famous work called <em>Leviathan </em>in 1651. The title "Leviathan" comes from a biblical word for a great and mighty beast. Hobbes believed government is formed by people for the sake of their personal security and stability in society. In Hobbes view, once the people put a king (or other leader in power), then that leader needs to have supreme power (like a great and mighty beast). Hobbes' view of the natural state of human beings without a government held that people are too divided and too volatile as individuals -- everyone looking out for his own interests. So for security and stability, authority and the power of the law needs to be in the hands of a powerful ruler like a king or queen. And so people willingly enter a "social contract" in which they live under a government that provides stability and security for society.
- John Locke published his <em>Two Treatises on Civil Government</em> in 1690, following the mostly peaceful transition of government power that was the Glorious Revolution in England. Locke believed people are born as blank slates--with no preexisting knowledge or moral leanings. Experience then guides them to the knowledge and the best form of life, which includes choosing to form governments to make life and society better. This was his application of the "social contract" theory.
The AGE OF REASON<span>, as it was called, was spreading rapidly across Europe. In the late 17th century, scientists like </span>ISAAC NEWTON<span> and writers like </span>JOHN LOCKE<span> were challenging the old order. Newton's laws of gravity and motion described the world in terms of natural laws beyond any spiritual force. In the wake of political turmoil in England, Locke asserted the right of a people to change a government that did not protect natural rights of life, liberty and property. People were beginning to doubt the existence of a God who could predestine human beings to eternal domination and empower a tyrant for a king. Europe would be forever changed by these ideas.</span>
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The maryland toleration act did not bring complete religious freedom, as is so often assumed, and as a reading of this document will quickly prove. nor did it come about because of a profound humanistic conviction on the part of lord baltimore, the maryland proprietor. the act was a pragmatic solution to a serious problem. the catholics in originally catholic maryland had become a minority of the population although still powerful politically. they were in great danger of being ill-treated by the protestant majority. the toleration act, it was believed, was a way of providing protection for catholics while at the same time representing a nod in the direction of the english government, which in 1649 and for a dozen years thereafter was firmly under the control of the english puritans. nonetheless, the document is important because it did provide modest although impermanent protection for catholic marylanders and set a precedent to which others could refer. despite baltimore's catholic background and his desire to use maryland as a refuge for catholics persecuted elsewhere, the catholic church never became the established church. in the eighteenth century this distinction was given to the church of england.
Answer:
Wealthy plebeians became part of the Roman nobility. However, despite changes in the laws, the patricians always held a majority of the wealth and power in Ancient Rome. A third social class in Roman society was the slaves.
Explanation:
