In 1787 delegates from the thirteen states convened in Philadelphia to replace the unwieldy Articles of Confederation with a Constitution to endow the federal government with sufficient power to hold the country together. This short document, which was a result of both high idealism and low political horsetrading, has survived a Civil War and the massive expansion of the country to become the oldest constitution in the world. The Constitution itself, however, merely describes the functions of the federal government. It was left to ten Amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, to protect individual freedoms.
Answer:
The effect of President Roosevelt's attempt to balance the federal budget was the economic recession of 1937.
Explanation:
In 1937, the government of the Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt considered that, after 4 years of effort, the government should reduce its fiscal deficit and balance its accounts in order to avoid a progressive emptying of the public coffers. Roosevelt, who had won in the 1933 elections and had imposed the New Deal, greatly increasing public spending in line with Keynesian theory, decided it was time for the government to start pulling out of the economy. Thus, he decided to cut expenses (closing New Deal programs) and raise taxes, in order to balance the fiscal deficit.
The problem was that, as a consequence of the Great Depression and the correct application of the New Deal, the American economy was too weak not to have the support of the federal state. In other words, the American economy depended heavily on New Deal programs, and it had a degree of fiscal effort that was too great to raise taxes. Thus, with the taking of these measures, the American economy began to fall, entering in a recession.
The anti-federalist felt that the constitution would give too much power to the federal government. They basically were opposed because of what was in it or what wasn't in it because of fear that their civil liberties would be stripped off due to everyone functioning off of the constitution. They more so wanted a bill of rights to proclaim all the liberties a citizen is granted to avoid this.
c. free speech
John Dickinson authored Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. He created a draft of fifteen proposals, criticizing the Stamp Act as unconstitutional. Because of his letters, the Stamp Act was revoked after only four months of the unproductive process.
