During infection with Listeria, an intracellular bacterium, APCs will present antigen on MHC II molecules and triggers a phagocytic property by stimulating the release of macrophages.
What is the role of macrophages in Phagosomes?
Phagosome maturation was formerly regarded to be a very simple notion that described how much phagosomes had united with lysosomes.
- Unfortunately, this assumption is no longer valid because phagosomes are now known to interact with a variety of intracellular organelles during their maturation process.
- Proteins, such as the NADPH oxidase complex that creates the superoxide burst, may be seen being assembled on the phagocytic cup even before they are fully formed.
- When the phagosome closes and the maturation process begins, it becomes increasingly acidic and hydrolytically active, and it transiently fuses with the recycling endosomal system, the secretory system, including secretory lysosomes, multi-vesicular bodies such as the MHC class II (MIIC) compartment, and even the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Answer:
Stem cell is taken either from bone marrow or from the blood directly
Explanation:
Stem cells are derived from two locations primarily a) Bone Marrow and b) Blood
The first step in this process is to remove the stem cell from its parent location and it is done in the following ways –
A) For deriving stem cell from blood – A drug with growth factor s is injected. Here no anesthesia is given to the patient. The growth factors leads to the movement of stem cells from bone marrow into the bloods. Blood with stem cells is taken out from the veins and filtered through the apheresis machine.
B) From Bone marrow – Bone marrow is removed from the pelvic bone through a needle and prepared for transplantation.
Answer:
lateral and venteral
Explanation:
the chain extends from the upper neck down to the coccyx, forming the upward coccygeal gangilion
Answer:
A. Geology, B. Weather, D. Technology
Explanation:
