Why were Southern States concerned about giving the federal government the power to regulate regulate International Commerce

What technology allowed for the rise of European military dominance in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?

Vinil7 [7]

There was more than one technology that was developed at the time, but one technolgoy that surely made a strong impact and also enabled Europe becoming the dominant military force was the invention and perfection of military tactics together with muskets and cannons. This made them practically unstopable against any native population around the world.

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4 years ago

How the second world led to the decolonisation of Africa

vagabundo [1.1K]

Most historical events have some unintended consequences. It is in this sense that the European Second World War made a contribution to the decolonisation and political liberation of Africa.

In 1885 at the Berlin Conference, the most powerful European countries, the British, French, German, Spanish, and Portuguese, divided the continent amongst themselves.

However, Africa’s involvement in the two world wars helped fuel the struggle for independence from colonial rule. This was partly because participation of Africans in these wars exposed them to ideas of self-determination and independent rule.

The wars destroyed the economies of European countries. At the end of WW 1, the Europeans turned to Africa to exploit its mineral and agricultural wealth. (Even today some European countries cannot sustain their economies without their former empires) Europe’s growing interest in Africa’s minerals led to her expansion into the interior.

The mining of mineral wealth from Africa required the reorganisation of colonial rule, which meant that the autonomy chiefs and kings in Africa would be increasingly dissolved to make room for a more direct form of government.

The colonial situation: Expropriation of land from Africans to European settlers

The need for agricultural wealth required expropriation of land from African people and giving it to the growing number of Europeans in the colonies. Kenya and Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia) are examples of the expropriation of land.

The introduction of taxes like the hut tax and poll tax forced Africans to work for European settlers as the new taxes had to be paid in cash and not as cattle or crops as was the practice before. Exploitation of African laborers by European employers added to the growing resentment among the local people.

Colonial governments developed new methods of agriculture aimed at increasing revenues collected from African farmers. This also required a shift from subsistence crops to cash crops like coffee, cotton and tea.

People were now forced to sell their cash crops through Coffee, Cotton, or Tea marketing boards to colonial markets at low prices, then colonial merchants would in turn sell these crops to an international market at a much higher price. In this way, the Colonies made a lot of profit for the colonisers. As a result, people began to demand an end to colonial rule.

Resistance movements began to rise in Africa. With the growing number of settlers in some colonies, the demand for more land and labor increased tensions between colonial authorities and the white communities that had settled in the colonies.

More land was taken from African people and given to Europeans for settlement. In response to these developments, some chiefs organised rebellions against colonial authorities.

Development of political parties

Another response to colonial transformation was the formation of political parties. These were formed by the small educated group of Africans mainly residing in developing colonial towns. These Africans were educated at missionary schools.

At first, these parties did not seek to create a mass following, but to lobby their respective colonial governments to recognise the civil rights of Africans and protect and recognise the land rights of Africans in rural areas. In Buganda (part of Uganda), the Government of Buganda had a strong lobby and was in constant touch with the colonial office in London about land issues.

Second World War

In this colonial situation, European powers could no longer hold to their empires because they were exhausted and impoverished by the time war ended. France had been humiliated by Germany.

Suddenly, the myth of European invincibility was demythologised. When India became independent from the British in 1947, it set a precedent in challenging British rule and thus inspired many African nationalists.

Soldiers who joined the Seventh battalion of the King’s African Rifles (KAR) (Abaseveni) were posted to India and Burma and were inspired by the Indian and Burmese soldiers, who were compatriots.

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4 years ago

Discuss the legacy of european colonialism in africa in terms of language and religion

nikdorinn [45]

<span>The legacy of European colonialism influenced the language and religion in Africa. In the nineteenth century, Europe expanded in Africa to expand in search of raw materials and markets. In this period many Africans were converted to Christianity as part of a colonial influence on religion. Several branches of Christianity and Catholicism grew. The first African churches experienced significant growth in the 20th and 21st centuries. The language in Africa is quite extensive with official languages and unofficial languages. With the introduction of the European colonies to the continent, Africa has the Indo-European languages, English and Afrikaans, while the other nine are languages of the Bantu family.</span>

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3 years ago

The best way to describe the study of history is:

Sauron [17]

Answer:

I believe D is the answer because history tends to repeats itself

Explanation:

8 0

3 years ago

Courts decide points of law, not points of fact.

lisabon 2012 [21]

Answer:

the supreme courts decide points of law, some cases that prove this are

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Established supremacy of the U.S. Constitution and federal laws over state laws

United States v. Lopez (1995) Congress may not use the commerce clause to make possession of a gun in a school zone a

federal crime

LOR-2: Provisions of the U.S. Constitution’s Bill of Rights are continually being interpreted to balance the power of government

and the civil liberties of individuals.

Engel v. Vitale (1962) School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause

Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) Compelling Amish students to attend school past the eighth grade violates the free exercise clause

Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) Public school students have the right to wear black

armbands in school to protest the Vietnam War

New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) Bolstered the freedom of the press, establishing a “heavy presumption against

prior restraint” even in cases involving national security

Schenck v. United States (1919) Speech creating a “clear and present danger” is not protected by the First Amendment

LOR-3: Protections of the Bill of Rights have been selectively incorporated by way of the Fourteenth Amendment’s due process

clause to prevent state infringement of basic liberties.

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent in a state felony case

Roe v. Wade (1973) Extended the right of privacy to a woman’s decision to have an abortion

McDonald v. Chicago (2010) The Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states

PRD-1: The 14th Amendment’s equal protection clause as well as other constitutional provisions have often been used to

support the advancement of equality.

Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Race-based school segregation violates the equal protection clause PRD-2: The impact of

federal policies on campaigning and electoral rules continues to be contested by both sides of the political spectrum.

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) Political spending by corporations, associations, and labor unions is a

form of protected speech under the First Amendment CON-3: The republican ideal in the U.S. is manifested in the structure

and operation of the legislative branch.

Baker v. Carr (1961) Opened the door to equal protection challenges to redistricting and the development of the “one person,

one vote” doctrine by ruling that challenges to redistricting did not raise “political questions” that would keep federal courts

from reviewing such challenges

Shaw v. Reno (1993) Majority minority districts, created under the Voting Rights Act of 1965, may be constitutionally

challenged by voters if race is the only factor used in creating the district CON-5: The design of the judicial branch protects the

Supreme Court’s independence as a branch of government, and the emergence and use of judicial review remains a powerful

judicial practice.

Marbury v. Madison (1803) Established the principle of judicial review empowering the Supreme Court to nullify an act of the

legislative or executive branch that violates the Constitution

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3 years ago