Carolina had split into North and South Carolina.
The province of Carolina was broken into two by the British as a present to the first eight British settlers in Carolina. The North and South Carolina were part of the Thirteen Colonies under the British rule.
Madison understood that power can corrupt as seen with the kings of their time. So Madison set up the form of government that relies on separate branches of government that operates under checks and balances. This means that no one branch can get too powerful and overrule the other branches. We see this in modern government in the legislative, executive and judicial branches. Madison improved upon the idea that power cannot be held by one man or a few people.
Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 1700s, manufacturing was often done in people's homes, using hand tools or basic machines. Industrializationmarked a shift to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories and mass production.
