Mood=overall feeling of the story...what does the story feel like
She was referring to her and Jem's upbringing and how Scout did not have a motherlike figure to look up to in certain aspects of her life. I hope I helped! :<em>To Kill A Mockingbird</em> is a great book :-)
You will need to provide the text that you are analysing for a specific answer, but basically, you are looking for any time where the author has used describing words that you would use for humans on object or animal, or where the author is making the object/animal use human characteristics like speech.
the effect that this may have on the piece could be that it creates a friendlier atmosphere if the object/animals are described in a positive and useful way but it can work in reverse as well.
The repetition of the r sound in "heaR", "Rushing", "RoaRing", and "shRill" suggests the image and sound of the train rushing past. When something fast moves by you, there's a rush of air that flies by, and this sound and movement of air, mixed with the grinding of the train on the tracks is meant to be represented by the 'r' sound, based on the consonance in the line.