Maybe a contrast I think that might help!
(D) <span>Government played the key role in promoting industrialization in Russia, while individual businesses played a larger role in Great Britain.</span>
The term that references a period of economic growth as measured by a rise in GDP is an economic expansion. It is the increase in economic activity.
It's producers to herbivores to carnivores what ever the herbivores eats the producer goes to it and whatever the carnivores eat the herbivores or other carnivores go to it