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Nutka1998 [239]
3 years ago
15

A História que conhecemos pode ter visões diferenciadas a partir de diferentes linhas teóricas e metodológicas. Durante muito te

mpo o conhecimento histórico era unicamente repleto de feitos de personalidades consideradas significativas. Porém, a partir da primeira metade do século XX, surgiu uma nova perspectiva historiográfica. Quais as principais mudanças ocorridas nesse contexto? ​
History
1 answer:
Zinaida [17]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Aquí hay un párrafo que me dio mi maestra y que debería ayudarte, ¡lo pegué!

Explanation: La historiografía, la escritura de la historia, especialmente la escritura de la historia basada en el examen crítico de las fuentes, la selección de detalles particulares de los materiales auténticos en esas fuentes y la síntesis de esos detalles en una narrativa que resiste la prueba del examen crítico. El término historiografía también se refiere a la teoría y la historia de la escritura histórica.

Los historiadores modernos pretenden reconstruir un registro de las actividades humanas y lograr una comprensión más profunda de ellas. Esta concepción de su tarea es bastante reciente y se remonta al desarrollo de la historia “científica” a fines del siglo XVIII y principios del XIX y al surgimiento simultáneo de la historia como profesión académica. Surge de una perspectiva que es muy nueva en la experiencia humana: la suposición de que el estudio de la historia es una actividad humana natural e inevitable. Antes de finales del siglo XVIII, la historiografía no estaba en el centro de ninguna civilización. La historia casi nunca fue una parte importante de la educación regular, y nunca pretendió proporcionar una interpretación de la vida humana en su conjunto. Esta ambición más amplia era más apropiada para la religión, la filosofía y quizás la poesía y otra literatura imaginativa.

Historia de la historiografía

Todas las culturas humanas cuentan historias sobre el pasado. Los actos de los antepasados, héroes, dioses o animales sagrados para pueblos particulares se cantaban y memorizaban mucho antes de que existiera algún escrito con el que registrarlos. Su verdad fue confirmada por el mismo hecho de su continua repetición. La historia, que puede definirse como un relato que pretende ser cierto sobre los acontecimientos y las formas de pensar y sentir en alguna parte del pasado humano, se deriva de esta actividad narrativa humana arquetípica.

Si bien comparte un ancestro común con el mito, la leyenda, la poesía épica y la novela, la historia, por supuesto, se ha apartado de estas formas. Su pretensión de verdad se basa en parte en el hecho de que todas las personas o eventos que describe realmente existieron o ocurrieron en algún momento del pasado. Los historiadores no pueden decir nada sobre estas personas o eventos que no puedan ser apoyados, o al menos sugeridos, por algún tipo de evidencia documental. Tal evidencia suele tomar la forma de algo escrito, como una carta, una ley, un registro administrativo o el relato de algún historiador anterior. Además, los historiadores a veces crean su propia evidencia entrevistando a personas. En el siglo XX, el alcance de la evidencia histórica se amplió enormemente para incluir, entre muchas otras cosas, fotografías aéreas, anillos de árboles, monedas antiguas, ropa, películas y casas

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