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When the food is scarce, cellular slime molds aggregate into a mass of cells that behaves as a single unit called a slug.
<h3>What is the importance of slugs in slime molds?</h3>
- While feeding, the cellular slime molds live as individual, singled-celled organisms. But when the food is scarce and they have to move to new places in search of food, they aggregate in groups of tens of thousands to form multicellular group called slugs.
- In slug some of the cells contribute to a 2–3 millimeter long stalk, which dries up and dies in the process of formation.
- In the presence of excess food, slime molds are present as independent amoeboid cells.
- It is now observed that in the presence of a food source, some farmer amoebae stop feeding and pocket their food for movement in multicellular migration.
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Answer:
- Oak trees: primary producers
- Caterpillars: primary consumers
- Blue Jays: secondary consumers
- Hawks: tertiary consumers
Explanation:
A trophic pyramid, also known as ecological pyramid or energy pyramid, is a graphic representation that shows the relationships between different types of organisms (i.e., producers and consumers) at the trophic levels of an ecosystem. The primary producers are autotrophic organisms that obtain energy from sunlight and chemical compounds from nonliving sources (e.g., photosynthetic plants, algae, etc). The primary consumers are organisms that eat primary producers (e.g., herbivores), while secondary consumers are organisms that eat primary consumers (e.g., omnivores). Moreover, tertiary consumers are predators and/or omnivores that eat secondary consumers (e.g., hawks). Finally, decomposers (e.g., bacteria) are organisms that obtain nutrients and energy by breaking down dead organic material (i.e., dead organisms) at all trophic levels into nutrients.
Genes involved in lactose metabolism can be found in the E. coli lac operon. Only when lactose and glucose are both present does it express.
<h3>Why are the E. coli genes involved in lactose metabolism referred to as an operon?</h3>
They are both under the same promoter's control. A promoter is a brief DNA region where RNA polymerase interacts to initiate transcription of the downstream genes that are under its transcriptional control. When more than one gene is controlled by the same promoter, we refer to the group of genes as an operon.
<h3>The lac operon turns on when there is lactose present.</h3>
Lactose binds to the repressor protein and prevents it from binding to the operator when lactose is present in the media.
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