Baron de Montesquieu was a French political analyst who lived during the Age of Enlightenment. He is best known for his thoughts on the separation of powers.
The name for Muhammad’s migration was Hijrah (A)
Comparative advantage. It is being able to produce goods by using fewer resources, at a lower opportunity cost, that gives countries a comparative advantage. The gradient of a PPF reflects the opportunity cost of production. Increasing the production of one good means that less of another can be produced.