“Crime” is not a phenomenon that can be defined according to any objective set of criteria. Instead, what a particular state, legal regime, ruling class or collection of dominant social forces defines as “crime” in any specific society or historical period will reflect the political, economic and cultural interests of such forces. By extension, the interests of competing political, economic or cultural forces will be relegated to the status of “crime” and subject to repression,persecution and attempted subjugation. Those activities of an economic, cultural or martial nature that are categorized as “crime” by a particular system of power and subjugation will be those which advance the interests of the subjugated and undermine the interests of dominant forces. Conventional theories of criminology typically regard crime as the product of either “moral” failing on the part of persons labeled as “criminal,” genetic or biological predispositions towards criminality possessed by such persons, “social injustice” or“abuse” to which the criminal has previously been subjected, or some combination of these. (Agnew and Cullen, 2006) All of these theories for the most part regard the “criminal as deviant” perspective offered by established interests as inherently legitimate, though they may differ in their assessments concerning the matter of how such “deviants” should be handled. The principal weakness of such theories is their failure to differentiate the problem of anti-social or predatory individual behavior<span> per se</span><span> from the matter of “crime” as a political, legal, economic and cultural construct. All human groups, from organized religions to outlaw motorcycle clubs, typically maintain norms that disallow random or unprovoked aggression by individuals against other individuals within the group, and a system of penalties for violating group norms. Even states that have practiced genocide or aggressive war have simultaneously maintained legal prohibitions against “common” crimes. Clearly, this discredits the common view of the state’s apparatus of repression and control (so-called “criminal justice systems”) as having the protection of the lives, safety and property of innocents as its primary purpose.</span>
<span>He buys a new sports car every year, lives in the biggest house in his neighborhood, and always buys the most expensive clothes he can find. According to ... Failure to resolve conflict at a particular stage of psychosexual development may lead to failure to move forward psychologically, a phenomenon that Freud called</span><span>
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Answer:
Reversibility
Explanation:
In simple words, Because it represents the commencement of reasoned or practical reasoning, Piaget believed the tangible stage to be a crucial turning point in a preschooler 's cognitive growth. The kid has reached the age where logical reasoning or procedures (i.e. principles) may be applied, but only to tangible things (thus concrete operational).
Steamboats. Steamboats positively effected the world because they made the transportation of goods more efficient and economical. Travel time was cut in half and were a compliment of the railroads, both for commercial and passenger transportation. Steamboats were independent on the wind speed and direction.
Problem-solving strategies which don't guarantee solutions, but make efficient use of time is Heuristics.
Any problem-solving strategy that employs a practical approach or numerous short cuts in order to provide answers that might not be ideal but are adequate given a constrained timeline or deadline is known as a heuristic, or heuristic technique.
Heuristic methods can be used to expedite the process of obtaining a workable solution in situations when it is impossible or impractical to discover an ideal one. Heuristics are mental efficiencies that reduce the cognitive strain of decision-making. Heuristics are tactics developed from prior experiences with challenges that are comparable.
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