Question

This a question that you need to apply knowledge of both the digestive system AND biochemistry. You eat

Answer 1

The main biomolecules present in the meal are carbohydrates but there are also proteins and lipids.

First of all starch will be hydrolysed in the mouth.Saliva contains an enzyme called amylase that turns starch into dextroses and maltose.

In the stomach the HCl will activate the pepsinogen and it will become pepsin that will hydrolise proteins to albumoses and peptones.

Also in the stomach an enzyme called gastric lypase is present which turns lipids into glycerol and fatty acids.

In the duodenum:The pancreas releases pancreatic amylase which turns starch into maltose. It releases pancreatic lypase which turns lipids into fatty acids and glycerol. It releases proteolytic enzymes(trypsin, chemotrypsin, carboxypetidase, elastase, collagenase) which turn proteins, albumoses and peptones into oligopeptides(3-4 aminoacids) and aminoacids.

In the rest of the small intestines enzymes secreted by the cells that line the small intestine work. Oligopeptidases turn oligopeptides into aminoacids. Maltase turns maltose into 2 molecules of glucose. Sucrase turns sacrose into 1 molecule of glucose and one of fructose. Lactase turns lactose into 1 molecule of glucose and 1 of galactose. The intestinal lypase turns lipids into glycerol and fatty acids.

Mouth

1.Starch----(salivary amylase)--->maltose+dextrose

Stomach

2.lipids---(gastric lypase)---->glycerol+fatty acids

3.proteins---(pepsin)--->albumoses and peptones

Duodenum

4.Starch---(pancreatic amylase)--->maltose

5.lipids--(pancreatic lypase)--->glycerol+fatty acids

6.proteins+albumoses+peptones---(trypsin,chemotrypsin,carboxypeptidase,elastase collagenase)--->oligopeptides+AA

Small intestine(Jejunum and ileon)

7.maltose---(maltase)--->2glucose

8.sacrose---(sacrase)--->glucose+fructose

9.lactose---(lactase)--->glucose+galactose

10.lipids---(intestinal lypase)--->glycerol+fatty acids

11.oligopeptides---(oligopeptidase)--->amino acids