According to ChaCha.com, "Parthenogenesis is a form of agamogenesis in which an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual. Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in many plants and invertebrates. This differs from other forms of asexual reproduction because an egg is used."
Changes in groups of organisms over time produce variations in a population. This relates to both macroevolution and microevolution.
These are evolutions within a small group or a population and across the whole species.
Answer:
The correct answer is "strengths: inexpensive, easy to culture, short life cycle, large number of offspring; weaknesses: invertebrate model, some diseases such as immunological cannot be modelled, anatomical features are very different from humans"
Explanation:
The fruit fly <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> is one of the most used animal model for genetic and biomedical studies. There are many advantages of using Drosophila as model, including that it is very inexpensive to handle, it is easy to culture, it has a short life cycle allowing to observe the changes in phenotype very quickly and its large number of offspring allows to include several repetitions per trait in a study. However, there are some weaknesses of using Drosophila to study human biology. First, obviously the fruit fly is very different from humans, it is an invertebrate and its anatomical features are very different, which makes impossible to model some disorders such as immunological diseases.
Although at first it may seem like an antigen, it's a pathogen.
"Since taking control, britain had made laws that imposed harsh taxes and stopped indian trade with other countries."