Surely only a few of us know that many modern high-school-level concepts in mathematics first were developed in Africa, as was the first method of counting. More than 35,000 years ago, Egyptians scripted textbooks about math that included division and multiplication of fractions and geometric formulas to calculate the area and volume of shapes (3). Distances and angles were calculated, algebraic equations were solved and mathematically based predictions were made of the size of floods of the Nile. The ancient Egyptians considered a circle to have 360 degrees and estimated Π at 3.16 (3).
Eight thousand years ago, people in present-day Zaire developed their own numeration system, as did Yoruba people in what is now Nigeria. The Yoruba system was based on units of 20 (instead of 10) and required an impressive amount of subtraction to identify different numbers. Scholars have lauded this system, as it required much abstract reasoning (4).
Astronomy
Several ancient African cultures birthed discoveries in astronomy. Many of these are foundations on which we still rely, and some were so advanced that their mode of discovery still cannot be understood. Egyptians charted the movement of the sun and constellations and the cycles of the moon. They divided the year into 12 parts and developed a yearlong calendar system containing 365 ¼ days (3). Clocks were made with moving water and sundial-like clocks were used (3).
A structure known as the African Stonehenge in present-day Kenya (constructed around 300 B.C.) was a remarkably accurate calendar (5). The Dogon people of Mali amassed a wealth of detailed astronomical observations (6). Many of their discoveries were so advanced that some modern scholars credit their discoveries instead to space aliens or unknown European travelers, even though the Dogon culture is steeped in ceremonial tradition centered on several space events. The Dogon knew of Saturn’s rings, Jupiter’s moons, the spiral structure of the Milky Way and the orbit of the Sirius star system. Hundreds of years ago, they plotted orbits in this system accurately through the year 1990 (6). They knew this system contained a primary star and a secondary star (now called Sirius B) of immense density and not visible to the naked eye.
Metallurgy and tools
Many advances in metallurgy and tool making were made across the entirety of ancient Africa. These include steam engines, metal chisels and saws, copper and iron tools and weapons, nails, glue, carbon steel and bronze weapons and art (2, 7).
Advances in Tanzania, Rwanda and Uganda between 1,500 and 2,000 years ago surpassed those of Europeans then and were astonishing to Europeans when they learned of them. Ancient Tanzanian furnaces could reach 1,800°C — 200 to 400°C warmer than those of the Romans (8).
Answer:
Exclusive property implies genuine and individual property that is introduced, utilized, and vital for the activity of an absolved office, and that isn't helper property except if the assistant property excluded cost rises to or surpasses 85 percent of the all out expense of the property.
Indeed, even properties which have been acquired or given by either companion will in any case be essential for the outright network of property. In the event that couples choose to document an appeal for legitimate partition, revocation or separation, the lawful activity will have no impact on the property system except if legal division of properties (where couples are needed to part properties down the middle) has been recorded.
The assumption that the property is intimate alludes to property obtained during the marriage. When there is no appearing concerning when the property was gained by a life partner, the way that the title is in the mate's name means that the property has a place solely with said companion.
Explanation:
The development of a house at intimate cost on the exclusive property of a life partner doesn't naturally make it intimate. The facts confirm that, meanwhile, the intimate association may utilize both the land and building, however it does so not as proprietor but rather as asylum. The responsibility for land stays with the mate to whom it is enlisted until the worth thereof is paid.
Answer:
Known as the Cold War, this conflict began as a struggle for control over the conquered areas of Eastern Europe in the late 1940s and continued into the early 1990s. Initially, only the United States possessed atomic weapons, but in 1949 the Soviet Union exploded an atomic bomb and the arms race began.
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Answer:
Tyrant, Greek tyrannos, a cruel and oppressive ruler or, in ancient Greece, a ruler who seized power unconstitutionally or inherited such power. ... Thus, the opportunity arose for ambitious men to seize power in the name of the oppressed.That model was emulated across Greece in the 5th and 4th centuries BCE, as new tyrants emerged by creating military states. These tyrants maintained control by expanding the spheres of power controlled by their city-states.
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