Answer:
Trade
Explanation:
Trade of resources that can't be farmed/products/gathered/found in Europe/home countries and needed to imported.
For example: Tobacco, cotton, sugar
Answer: According to the author of this text, Hitler's ability to communicate with the public led to his political success.
An excerpt from the question, "As a speaker, Hitler exercises astonishing sway over a German audience, presumably because public speaking is an unknown art in Germany. His speeches are practically repetitions of a few simple main theses, in the course of which platitudes are uttered with such extraordinary emphasis that an unsophisticated audience mistakes them for newly minted aphorisms" explains that Hitler was an effective communicator making the most ordinary words seem extraordinary with his charisma.
The current president of the USA is Barack Obama. He is a member of the Democratic Party and is the first African American to ever be elected to the presidency.
Very early societies did not have a written language or even ways to efficienly preserve information, so we can reject the options "maps" and "written records".
As far as the other two options go - ice core samples and tree rings, both are correct! probably "ice core" samples are the better answer, since only fossilized tree rings would tell us about the very early societies.