Question

Carmela believes her assistant, lian, is incompetent. she notices only what lian does wrong while ignoring the above average quality of most of her work. this exemplifies ________ bias. question 6 options:
a. anchoring
b. confirmation
c. hindsight
d. representational

Answer 1

From the given scenario above, it is evident that Carmela only looks into the wrongdoings of Lian making her judgement bias. The example is Anchoring Bias which can also be referred to as focalism which is the tendency to describe or judge a person based or heavily relying on the "one" trait rather than looking at the person as a whole. 

Answer 2

From this statement it is clear that Carmela has biased thoughts: a) anchoring.

Further explanation

Cognitive bias is a pattern of deviation in the assessment of the experience. Humans make a subjective reality in their heads based on perception or meaning that is biased or distorted. This subjective reality is the basis or basis for him to interpret a matter and underlie his actions or habits related to it. So cognitive bias can lead to distorted perceptions, wrong judgments, illogical or irrational meanings.

There are hundreds of kinds of cognitive biases identified so far. Common causes of this bias are (1) brain shortcuts in processing information (heuristics) (2) mental clarity (3) limited brain capacity in processing information (4) emotional and moral motivation and (5) social and environmental influences. Cognitive bias affects the lives of individuals, which make many problems unconscious, including causing anxiety, depression, and addiction, to the mistakes in making public and business decisions.

Here are some types of cognitive biases that can affect decision making:

Anchoring Bias

Usually, people will trust and depend on the information they got first. Examples are in the problem above.

Availability Heuristic

Usually, people only trust excessively on information obtained from the surrounding environment alone. for example, a smoker who feels that smoking does not interfere with health. It turned out that the smoker got the info that his smoker who had just died at the age of 99 years. Though it is clear if smoking can damage health.

Blind-spot bias

Blind-spot bias is a cognitive bias recognizing the impact of bias on the judgment of others, failing to see the impact of the bias on one's judgment. For example, say you do an IQ test, it turns out that your IQ is low. You do not believe in these results. Then you do another IQ test somewhere else and it turns out your IQ is higher, even though the test is less valid.

Clustering Illusion

A tendency to see patterns in a random event. For example, a gambler who feels he can predict the patterns that will occur in a dice game.

Learn more

Cognitive bias brainly.com/question/973320, brainly.com/question/13044778

Details

Class: College

Subject: Social studies

Keyword: Anchoring bias.