Answer:
C
Explanation:
Chartered Companies like the Massachusetts Bay Company and Hudson's Bay Company were given the right to a total monopoly on trade in a region, and this monopoly was (for economic reasons) often reinforced by military force. Notably, this was not because they supplied monarchs with exotic materials, but principally for Mercantalist purposes (although the former also played a role).
I think the answer would be true. Cultural bonds like people who share the same religion are an example of what makes up a formal region. Religion is a trait of a culture and mostly people following the same culture or traditions would have the same religion and would live in the same area making up a region.
Adam Smith, he was the first to write on the concept of a free market economy, the basis of Capitalism.