This is a compound sentence, because it has two independent clauses: 1. Melanie is going + but (conjunction) + 2. Valerie is staying home.
A metaphor makes a comparison by stating that one thing is something else, but a simile states that one thing is like something else.
The store had been closed for two days; however, Murray still needed to get in.
The first step in the five step process for problem-solving is to recognize that the problem exists