Foreign invaders have proteins called antigen, which antibodies lock onto to neutralize. The foreign proteins are different from proteins in our own body, so the immune system can recognize them and finally eliminate them.
If you have both parents with long ears and some of the offsprings have short ears, you can say both parents are heterozygous for this. Both have a dominant (long ear), and a recessive allele (short ear).
To prove this, you can draw a Punnett square, and you'll see the probabilities of the offsprings.
Answer:
Due to exchange of gases i.e. normal and abnormal.
Explanation:
The main difference between incomplete and complete ventilation is the occurrence of normal and abnormal exchange of gases. The mechanism in which the exchange of gas happens completely without any difficulty is called complete ventilation. It is the process in which the required amount of oxygen is inhaled or inspired and appropriate amount of carbon dioxide is exhaled out of the body while on the other hand, incomplete ventilation is a mechanism in which exchange of gases is not normal.
Calcite occurs in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks and is the most commonly encountered carbonate mineral.
