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scoundrel [369]
2 years ago
12

Reagan and Gorbachev hammered out details of the Immediate Range Nuclear Forces Treaty during a series of meetings from _____ to

_____
Advanced Placement (AP)
1 answer:
Marina86 [1]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Reagan and Gorbachev hammered out details of the Immediate Range Nuclear Forces Treaty during a series of meetings from <em>United States </em><em> </em>to<em> </em><em>Soviet Union</em> .

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_______ is a behavioral technique in which gradual exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus is paired with relaxation to exting
shepuryov [24]

Answer: Systematic desensitization

Explanation: Systematic desensitization is the classical conditioning- oriented therapy on behavior factors. It was introduced for invoking the feeling of relaxation and peace as a response towards the stimulus that is conditioned by counter conditioning method.

It also supports in removal of fright and anxiety response that occurs due to any kind of disorder and phobia. This therapy is carried out with help of meditation, exercises etc.

3 0
3 years ago
Give at least two examples of how the GPS is used
anastassius [24]
Navigating where you are when going to point a to point b
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
compare the social system of europe from the period 400-1450 to those of south asia. Give one similarity and one difference. ASA
Strike441 [17]
The similarity between the social system is the hierarchy that created in society based on the job that held by individuals.
The main difference is the openness. South Asian culture directly acknowledge the discrimination while the European culture masked it even though the nobles held all the power in the society.
7 0
3 years ago
What is one power of the government that is exclusively a power of the states?
Tamiku [17]

Answer:

government have the power to tax, make and enforce laws, charter banks, and borrow money.

Explanation:

If you need an explanation for each brack well

The legislative branch drafts proposed laws, confirms or rejects presidential nominations for heads of federal agencies, federal judges, and the Supreme Court, and has the authority to declare war.

The executive branch carries out and enforces laws. It includes the president, vice president, the Cabinet, executive departments, independent agencies, and other boards, commissions, and committees.

The judicial branch of the U.S. government is the system of federal courts and judges that interprets laws made by the legislative branch and enforced by the executive branch. At the top of the judicial branch are the nine justices of the Supreme Court, the highest court in the United States.

3 0
3 years ago
Describe the trend in judicial independence in the United Kingdom between 1990 and 2019. Explain a possible reason for this tren
WINSTONCH [101]

Answer:

The main factors aimed at securing judicial independence

 

The previous section has briefly explained why judicial independence is important for maintaining judges' impartiality and the rule of law. This section now focuses on how judicial independence can be guaranteed in its fundamental aspects (external, internal, institutional and individual independence). Various mechanisms are possible, and a range of examples are provided to encourage debate and develop critical thinking.

Judicial independence is a multifaceted concept. There are different institutional, legal and operational arrangements that in abstracto are designed to ensure judicial independence, and they can work differently depending on the historical, political, legal and social context in which the judiciary operates. Therefore, there is not an ideal model of implementing judicial independence in the sense that one-size-fits-all. Judicial independence is - in more concrete terms - the result of a combination of different conditions, measures, checks and balances, that can vary from one country to another. Every country has to find its own balance.

In some countries, for example, judicial independence is basically secured through a self-governing body or council (composed mainly of judges) which is in charge of all the decisions concerning judges' recruitment/nomination, career, transfer and discipline. This occurs, for example, in France, Italy, Mongolia, Nigeria, Poland, Romania, Spain, and Ukraine. In other countries, such as Kenya, South Africa, India, Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, India, Kenya, South Africa, the United States, there is no equivalent body, and judicial independence is thereby secured through various other mechanisms. Therefore, what is deemed to be an essential measure in some countries may be not considered as such in others. This reveals rather different views on the institutional means needed to protect judicial independence.

The process of defining the institutional requirements of judicial independence has by no means come to an end. For example, the oldest institution of the British constitutional system, the office of Lord Chancellor, has been recently redesigned in an effort to bring about a clearer separation between the branches of the State, and to enhance the independence of the judiciary (see the UK Constitutional Reform Act, 2005; Shetreet and Turenne, 2013).

The protection of judicial independence is usually considered as including various aspects that operate on different levels: external and internal independence, and institutional and individual independence. External independence refers to the independence of the judiciary from the political branches (Executive and Legislative power), as well as any other nonjudicial actor. Although there must, of necessity, be some relations between the judiciary and the political powers (especially the Executive), as stated in the Commentary on the Bangalore Principles "such relations must not interfere with the judiciary's liberty in adjudicating individual disputes and in upholding the law and values of the Constitution" (2007, para. 26). Internal independence focuses on guarantees aimed at protecting individual judges from undue pressure from within the judiciary: from other judges and, above all, from high ranking judges. High ranking judges may, for example, exert supervising power over courts' administration (depending on the organization of the judicial system), but they must not - in any way - influence the substance of judges' decision-making.

Institutional independence pertains to the institutional and legal arrangements designed ex ante by the State to shield judges from undue pressure and influence. From this point of view, the most important factors concern the way in which judges are recruited, evaluated, and disciplined, the governance of the judiciary and courts' administration.

5 0
2 years ago
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