Question

A possible consequence of staphylococcal infections is glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis affects the filtration membrane by causing the basement membrane underlying the glomerular endothelium to lose its negative charge. The negative charge on the basement membrane is what prevents plasma proteins from entering the filtrate. Thus, with this condition, proteins can enter the urine (proteinuria). What effect will this have on the glomerular filtration rate

Answer 1

Answer:

Proteinuria is a general characteristic in different types of kidney and renal diseases where different types of proteins come in the filtrate. This causes a diminishing in the glomerular filtration rate due to the reason that proteins in the filtrate cause aggravation and scarring.

Explanation:

The value of Glomerular Filtration Rate or GFR is given as

$GFR=K_f(P_c-P_b)-\pi_c$

Here

• K_f is the Permeability constant of glomerular capillaries
• P_c is the hydrostatic pressure of the glomerular capillary
• P_b is the hydrostatic pressure of the Bowman's space
• π_c is the oncotic pressure of the glomerular capillary

As the proteins start to occur in the filtrate, they reduce the $P_c$ and increase the value of $P_b$. This leads to a reduced difference $P_c-P_b$, which leads to reduced GFR as they are  directly proportional.