Answer: As in the clauses: Article 1, Section 2, Clause 3:
“Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.”
They counted slaves as less than one person, the "other person" are slaves. The "excluding Indians not taxed" part, means that they were considered part of US only if they paid the taxes.
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Answer:
The fourteenth amendment guaranteed rights for citizens (regardless of race, gender, or creed) who are born or naturalized within the United States. Although racism still exists today, it is clear that race is not a factor in citizenship. The fifteenth amendment guaranteed all African American males the right to vote, and the nineteenth amendment gave women the right to vote. The effects of the fourteenth and nineteenth amendment are clear. While all citizens over eighteen now have the right to vote, the 2008 election proved that the effects are more far-reaching. For the first time, the presidential race saw both an African-American and a female seriously competing for the presidency.
Manifest Destiny shaped what America is today, without those states being settled, we wouldnt have the Bread Basket of the World, for example, today. America would not have been as large as she is today, so who knows where we'd be as a nation? I absolutely agree with O'Sullivan's belief, because without it, America would not have grown into the nation she is today.