Answer: Progressive tax policy
Explanation: In a progressive tax policy the rate of tax increases with the amount of taxable income, thus, making it possible to tax the people with higher income high tax and the lower section of the society a low level of tax.
The concept of progressive tax policy is based on the concept of ability to pay and not necessity to pay.
Thus, from the above we can conclude that right option is A.
Answer:
(A). Customer value
Explanation:
<u>For a customer to obtain value or benefit from using a product, he or she must first make a sacrifice</u>, such as the amount of money spent or time taken to purchase the product.
Customer value refers to that <u>benefit the customer gets from using the product, compared to the sacrifice the customer makes to get it.</u>
Republican Governor Hiram Johnson was the California governor who was instrumental in changing the executive bureaucracy from a spoils system to a merit system.
A spoils system refers to a system of patronage in which the victorious candidate or party in an election gives public offices to their supporters as reward and incentive.
It was a common phenomenon in the United States, until a civil service reform movement led to passage of the Pendleton Act of 1883, which instituted merit-based appointments to offices at the federal level.
Hiram Johnson was a former Governor of California between 1917 to 1945. He was credited with many progressive reforms, among which was ensuring the executive bureaucracy operated on the basis of merit and not political patronage.
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Answer:
Organic structure.
Explanation:
Organic structure: It is defined as flat organizational structure as it does not follow normal hierarchical structure, it is more of a decentralized structure with a lesser layer of management at every level, where more information is shared among employee and each department co-operate with other departments, which helps the organization to adapt well with the changes. Employees have the opportunity to participate in the decision-making process of the organization.
In the given case, Steel manufacturing firm are following an environment that is simple and integrated but also dynamic and hostile, which is a perfect organic structure.