RST Company produces a product that has a variable cost of $6 per unit. The company's fixed costs are $30,000. The product sells
1 answer:
Answer:
The correct answer is "12,500 units" and "$100 per unit".
Explanation:
Given:
Selling price,
= $10 per unit
Variable cost per unit,
= $6 per unit
Fixed cost,
= 30,000
Desired profit,
= 20,000
Now,
The contribution margin per unit will be:
=
=
= ($) per unit
The required units will be:
=
=
=
=
Now,
The contribution margin per composite unit will be:
=
=
= ($) per unit
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Answer:
The solution is given below.
Explanation:
It is a practical, complex scheduling problem that can be easily modelled and solved as IP. Note that part time and full time employees are paid at different rates. So, it is important that the bank operates to provide required service level (indicated by the number of tellers per hour) while minimizing total cost due to staff salary.
We use x as full time and y as part time staff.
It would help if you construct a table as shown below to better analyze the problem before attempting to model it. Red shows work hrs of full time staff and green is for part timers. Just follow their work hour rules.
So, full timers have 3 options:
(i) start at 9 – work till 1pm, take 1 hr break, then work 2 – 5 pm
(ii) start at 10 – work till 2pm, take 1 hr break, then work 3 – 6 pm
(iii) start at 11 – work till 3pm, take 1 hr break, then work 4 – 7 pm
that’s all… bank closes at 7 pm.
However, part timers don’t have 1 hr break. They work straight 4 hrs and leave. See green cells above to understand their alternatives.
Now, decision variables should include this work hour information. Here goes their definition. You must clearly define decision variables in exam, otherwise, the model is meaningless.
X9 = number of full time staff who start at 9 and follow the hour-related rule (no need to specify more details; those are already undestood)
X10 = number of full time staff who start at 10 and follow the hour-related rule
X11 = number of full time staff who start at 11 and follow the hour-related rule
Y9 = number of part time staff who start at 9 and follow the hour-related rule
Y10 = number of part time staff who start at 10 and follow the hour-related rule
…. This way you define up to Y15.
You must also specify that:
Xi, Yi >=0, integers.
Objective Function:
Minimize Z = 105*(x9 + x10 + x11) + 32* (y9 + y10 + … + y 15)
You will need one “covering” constraint for each working hour. Both full and part-timers can “cover” the duty of each hour. Look at the color-coded table (above) column-wise. The 9:00-10:00 hour can be covered only by x9 and y9 staff; next hour by x9, x10, y9, y10 only,… and so on. So, the
constraints are: (attached with image)
