Changes from building houses to withstand either tsunamis or hurricanes. From changes to the local economy and how the food grows and what needs to be strengthen to adapt to the noticeable weather change. Also from the changes of local and current laws and or codes of laws.
India and China because these two countries already have the highest populations in the world, and there are no signs of population decrease.
This would be true. Biowarfare has been common as far back as people vaulting victims of sickness over walls of enemy lands, and chemical and nuclear types of warfare, while more recent, are still considered major weapons of mass destruction.