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Brrunno [24]
3 years ago
11

Explain why countercurrent flow met the goals and why parallel flow did not meet the goals.

Biology
1 answer:
LUCKY_DIMON [66]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Countercurrent flow met the goals due to difference in concentration gradient.

Explanation:

Countercurrent flow met the goals because it flows in opposite direction while on the other hand, parallel flow did not meet the goals because it flows in the same direction. For example. the blood flows in one direction and the dialysate flows in the opposite direction. The countercurrent flow of the blood and dialysate increases the concentration gradient between the blood and dialysate. The increased gradient helps to remove more potassium, phosphorus and urea from the blood. If we used parallel flow so less  concentration gradient of solutes is present and hence, less potassium, phosphorus and urea are removed from the blood

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why are Gram-positive bacteria are more resistant than Gram-negative bacteria to antimicrobials that disrupt plasma membranes
NikAS [45]

Answer:

Gram positive bacteria are more resistant than gram negative bacteria to antimicrobials that disrupt plasma membranes because they have cell wall that is made up of a thick layer of peptidologlycan that contain teichoic and lipoteichoic acid to peptidoglycan.

Explanation:

Gram positive bacteria are bacteria that have thick wall made up of peptidoglycan and have no lipid membrane while gram negative bacteria are bacteria that have thin cell wall composed of peptidoglycan with lipid membrane.

Gram positive bacteria is resistant to antibiotics because of their thick cell wall composed of peptidoglylcan which contain teichoic and lipoteichoic acid , this help strengthen the plasma membranes and make them not to be attached by antimicrobial compared to gram negative that lack this.

6 0
3 years ago
________ is a neurotransmitter that may be linked to schizophrenia.
True [87]

Answer:

Dopamine

Explanation:

Dopamine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in the pathology of schizophrenia.

4 0
3 years ago
1. A normal mammalian cell will shrink if it is placed into_________. (Assume all solutes are non-penetrating) A. pure water B.
GrogVix [38]

Answer:

B. 50 mM glucose; E. 300 mM glucose

Explanation:

In order for the cell to shrink the concentration of solutes in the blood should be above normal or higher than the intracellular concentration, so that water moves from the inside of the cell to the outside by the process known as osmosis.

The normal blood levels of NaCl = ~ 154 mM; therefore A, C and D will not cause any shrinkage.

The normal blood levels of glucose = ~ 3.9 to 7.1 mM; therefore water would move from the intracellular to the extracellular space since the solutes are 10x higher outside the cell, causing shrinkage of the cell.

4 0
3 years ago
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Lunna [17]
D so that bacteria doesnt multiply in the grains since moisture favours them
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larisa86 [58]
I dont know if you mean it like this but

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4 0
3 years ago
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