The answer is, 1) Mesopotamia
Nelson Mandela helped end apartheid, so A is incorrect. B would be right, but the white population is the minority in South Africa, not the majority. It ended in 1991, so C is not right. This leaves us with D, the correct answer. I hope this helps!
The answer is President;Senate
Since the cabinet will be a direct support for the presidents in realizing his/her plan, the president has the right to personally pick the members based on the expertise that the president see fit. In the selection process, the Senate only has the right to give suggestions and to confirm it
An electronic calendar would be an example of software. The remaining things which you've mentioned in your questions would be examples of peripheral devices (so mouse, scanner, and monitor :)).
