The answer is D. heat flow and the movement of material inside the Earth
That is the only really obvious answer since it's basically talking about plate tectonics.
These examples of different uses of the geographic perspective help explain why geographic study and research is important as we confront many 21st century challenges, including environmental pollution, poverty<span>, </span>hunger<span>, and </span>ethnic<span> or political </span>conflict.
<span>Because the study of geography is so broad, the discipline is typically divided into specialties. At the broadest level, geography is divided into </span>physical geography<span>, </span>human geography<span>, </span>geographic techniques<span>, and </span>regional geography<span>. </span>