Answer: personification and alliteration
Personification refers to the use of human qualities to describe animals, inanimate objects, abstract ideas or natural phenomena. In this case, the author gives "autumn" qualities that belong to humans, such as "sitting careless on a granary floor."
Alliteration refers to the repetition of identical initial consonant sounds, even when spelled differently. It is also called "initial rhyme." In this case, the author uses alliteration when he says "winnowing wind."
A sonnet is the most structured kind of poem of those four.
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