Gymnosperms are different from other plants in that they have seeds but do not have flowers

assume that life on Mars requires cell potential to be 100mV, and the extracellular concentrations of the three major species ar

svetlana [45]

Answer:

Explanation:

From the information given:

The cell potential on mars E = + 100 mV

By using Goldman's equation:

$E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF}In \Big (\dfrac{P_K[K^+]_{out}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{out}+P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{out} }{P_K[K^+]_{in}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{in}+ P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big )$

Let's take a look at the impermeable cell with respect to two species;

and the two species be Na⁺ and Cl⁻

$E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF} In \dfrac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}}$

where;

z = ionic charge on the species = + 1

F = faraday constant

∴

$100 \times 10^{-3} = \Big (\dfrac{8.314 \times 298}{1\times 96485} \Big) \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$3.981= \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$exp ( 3.981) = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \\ \\ 53.57 = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}}$

$[K^+]_{in} = \dfrac{4}{53.57}$

$[K^+]_{in} = 0.0476$

For [Cl⁻]:

$100 \times 10^{-3} = -0.0257 \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)$

$-3.981 = \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)$

$0.01867 = \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}}$

$[Cl^-]_{in} = \dfrac{120}{0.01867}$

$[Cl^-]_{in} =6427.4$

For [Na⁺]:

$100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$53.57= \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$[Na^+]_{in}= 2.70$

6 0

2 years ago

Would someone Please answer this question please will be thanked and also will pick brainly!! (please be honest)

jek_recluse [69]

Hey! they are usually single celled!
hope this helped xoxo

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

As a situational influence, antecedent states include:

Sonja [21]

Answer:

The answer is the purpose of the purchase.

Explanation:

A marketing company is a business record and leading standard proposal published by a customer to a merchant, showing varieties, sizes, and allowed charges for commodities or stints. It is employed to constrain the acquiring of commodities and militarizes from obvious suppliers. In extension, the consumer should forever acutely and explicitly state their requests to the agent so there is no trouble when the buying order is initiated.

6 0

2 years ago

What are the smallest objects that biologists study

likoan [24]

The smallest thing they study is cells, i think!

hoped this helped!!

7 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

26. Analyze In a particular species of butterfly, the genes

Reil [10]

Answer:

law of independent assortment

Explanation:

Independent assortment is the random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes. I hope this helps :)

4 0

2 years ago