The Brown vs Board of Education legal case was a very important part of history which essentially ended segregation among blacks and whites in schools and started to integrate them together.
Brown vs Board of Education started in the 1950's when a young African American girl had to walk over a mile to school everyday, but there was a school for whites very close by.
This was when the NAACP, which advocated for the rights and freedoms of colored people came in. They believed segregation among schools and "separate but equal" was in fact <em>not</em> equal.
Eventually, the Brown vs Board of Education case went to the Supreme Court, when finally in 1954 the case was won by the NAACP and integration between public schools began.
Many citizens and schools were against integration and many more rulings with the Supreme Court had to occur, but finally a few decades later all of the public schools in the United States were integrated among races and the "separate but equal" principle was no longer.
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In a closed primary you can only vote for someone in your registered party. In an open primary anyone can vote for any candidate in either party regardless of whether they are registered democrat or republican
Hope this helps :)
The correct answer is increase in industrialization.
Due to the technological advancements of the mid-late 1800's, Americans started to rely more on industry rather than farming. Working in a factory rather than a farm had its perks. People who worked in a factory had guaranteed wages, whereas in farming the amount of money a person makes is dependent on several different factors like the amount of people who want to buy your products, climate, location, etc.