Answer:
b. The researcher has not ruled out the possibility that Y might cause X
Explanation:
In the given system, there is a theory that shows the relationship between the variables 'X' and 'Y'. The variable 'X' shows life satisfaction in a given population while the variable 'Y' shows how stable a democratic institution is. Therefore, the occurrence of the variable 'Y' can lead to the occurrence of the variable 'X'.
Situation: <u>Walk down an ecological path in an natural park during a field-trip. </u>
According to Jean Piaget's (a Swiss psychologist widely known for his work on child development, and one of his land mark theories, <em>cognitive development theory)</em>:
- a preoperational stage of development is characterized by the consolidation of language skills and a lacking of concrete logic thinking and also being unable to take the point of view of other people.
- In contrast, operational stage of development, children thinking still moves in a concrete plane, children become much more logical and sophisticated in their thinking during this stage of development and are able to draw conclusions based on <em>inductive logic, </em>which is referred to as going from a concrete experience to a principle.
This being said, going back to our situation, a child in a preoperational stage of development walking down a natural park in a field trip with his family, but will probably be more concentrated on wildllife and general surrounding than on the importance of threes as shade providers, shelter food and other ecological services.
On the other hand, children in an operational stage of development in the same situation would be able to draw conclusions based on the importance of trees and the wide variety of ecological services they offer, and infer that places like the natural park (and other smaller, less complex parks) are important means of conservations.
1- To me, psychology means the discipline that tries to explain human behavior and its complexities.
2- That is easy to major in psychology but one has to read a lot to do so. That being insightful is needed if you want to pursue a career in this field.
3- Not really. Usually, in Tv and movies psychologist are portraited as Psychoanalysts or therapists. In real life, the field of the psychologist is broader and not everything is about psychotherapy.
4- That is a magical solution, that the therapists only listen to your problems and they magically disappear, that is easy, that is magical, that hypnosis work 100% of the time. That "shrinks" are crazier than their patients, that having a mental illness means that you are an aggressive person, and so on. Media either glamorizes or stigmatizes the figure of the psychotherapist.
The answer would be : Democratic. a leader who encourage workers to take responsibility and is more concerned about quality than timelines would likely be practicing a Democratic style of Leadership, which encourage the participation of his/worker and want them to develop their capabilities
