(1)
C
Explanation:
The illustration shows carbon dioxide moving from the atmosphere to the plant. This can only occur through the process of photosynthesis because the process utilizes carbon dioxide and sunlight energy to make glucose (hence storing the carbon in the plant). Plants are major carbon sinks and play a significant role in mitigating global warming by reducing the accumulation of carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas in the atmosphere
(2)
C
Explanation:
Overfishing reduces marine populations because the activity reduces a species' population too drastically to very low levels such as the individuals left are not adequate enough to repopulate the species leading to a spiraling effect of reduced population size and growth leading towards extinction. It is important that Ben ensure that fishing for the shrimp does not reduce the population below this critical point where re-population of the shrimp may become impossible.
(3)
A
Explanation:
Logging will enure the current generation benefits from the current natural resources, in this case, the tree. Planting of at least a tree for every downed tree ensures that the young tree will grow and mature and will be utilized by upcoming generations. This ensures a sustainable cycle with each generation benefiting from the natural resources (trees). The other choices are not as sustainable.
Learn More:
For more on sustainable use of resources check out;
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Answer: RNAs are not processed before translation in prokaryotes, this process only takes place in eukaryotes.
Explanation:
Messenger RNA or mRNA is a single-straded ribonucleic acid that transfers the genetic information from the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule of the cell nucleus to a ribosome (which are the machinery responsible for protein synthesis) in the cytoplasm. mRNA determines the order in which the amino acids of a protein will be joined and acts as a template or pattern for the synthesis of that protein. To accomplish this, the DNA molecule must be transcribed into an RNA molecule, which is used for protein synthesis.
The messenger RNA obtained after transcription is known as primary transcribed RNA or precursor RNA or pre-mRNA, which in most cases is not released from the transcription complex in a fully active form, but in eukaryotes it must undergo modifications before it can perform its function (RNA processing or maturation). These modifications include:
- Elimination of fragments (splicing): In most cases, the <u>mRNA undergoes the removal of internal, non-coding sequences called introns, and the connection of exons. This does not occur in prokaryotic cells</u>, as they do not have introns in their DNA.
- Protection by CAP: <u>Addition to the 5' end of the structure called "cap" or "capping"</u>, which is a modified guanine nucleotide, 7-methylguanosine triphosphate, via a 5'-5' triphosphate linkage, instead of the usual 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. This cap is necessary for the normal RNA translation process and to maintain its stability.
- Polyadenylation signal: <u>Addition to the 3' end of a poly-A tail, a long polyadenylate sequence, whose bases are all adenine</u>. Its addition is mediated by a sequence or polyadenylation signal (AAAAAA), located 11-30 nucleotides upstream of the original 3' end. This tail protects the mRNA from degradation, and increases its half-life in the cytosol, so that more protein can be synthesized.
The mature mRNA (in eukaryotes) is transferred to the cytosol of the cell through pores in the nuclear envelope. Once in the cytoplasm, ribosomes are coupled to the mRNA. However, in prokaryotes, ribosome binding occurs while the mRNA strand is being synthesized. After a certain amount of time, the mRNA is degraded into its component nucleotides by ribonucleases. So, the transcription and translation processes are carried out in a similar way as in eukaryotic cells but they occur simultaneously. But, the fundamental difference is that, in prokaryotes, the messenger RNA does not undergo a maturation process and, therefore, no cap or tail is added and no introns are removed. Moreover, it does not have to leave the nucleus as in eukaryotes, because in prokaryotic cells there is no defined nucleus.
So, RNAs are not processed before translation in prokaryotes, this process only takes place in eukaryotes.
It is soil after wind for example wind storm causes to soil erosion
The acidic environment of the lysosome and the lysosomal enzymes detach the ligands from their receptors.
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a process in which cell surface receptors are employed for transporting substances such as proteins, hormones, and metabolites from extra-cellular matrix into the cells. Receptor-mediated endocytosis usually occurs through clathrin (a type of protein)-coated pits and vesicle and it allow only the receptor-specific substances to enter the cell. Under this process, molecule binds to protein receptors after which the receptor molecule moves to clathrin coated pits and vesicle. The cell membrane then folds inwards and there is fusion of a coated vesicle. After this, the ligands are detached from their receptors.
Answer:
The inhibitory transmitter activates ligand-gated potassium channels
Explanation:
When a cell is in hyperpolarized state,the potassium gated channels are taken longer time to close up, Therefore, more K+ leaks out of the axoplasm to the exterior.Therefore the cell appears to continue in the resting state, with more negative value of the cell potential of (-120 mV) and this called hyperpolarization.
However, with the addition of inhibitory transmitter,the ligand-gated potassium channels are activated,Theses channels closes up.Then sodium gated channels, which were initially in refractive state reopens, sodium ions diffuses inwards for depolarization, and the neuron returns to depolarized state.
