Answer:
H20
Explanation:
Because without water you will die faster then without food
Answer:
Background
During the course of a bacterial infection, the rapid identification of the causative agent(s) is necessary for the determination of effective treatment options. We have developed a method based on a modified broad-range PCR and an oligonucleotide microarray for the simultaneous detection and identification of 12 bacterial pathogens at the species level. The broad-range PCR primer mixture was designed using conserved regions of the bacterial topoisomerase genes gyrB and parE. The primer design allowed the use of a novel DNA amplification method, which produced labeled, single-stranded DNA suitable for microarray hybridization. The probes on the microarray were designed from the alignments of species- or genus-specific variable regions of the gyrB and parE genes flanked by the primers. We included mecA-specific primers and probes in the same assay to indicate the presence of methicillin resistance in the bacterial species. The feasibility of this assay in routine diagnostic testing was evaluated using 146 blood culture positive and 40 blood culture negative samples.
Explanation:
Results
Comparison of our results with those of a conventional culture-based method revealed a sensitivity of 96% (initial sensitivity of 82%) and specificity of 98%. Furthermore, only one cross-reaction was observed upon investigating 102 culture isolates from 70 untargeted bacteria. The total assay time was only three hours, including the time required for the DNA extraction, PCR and microarray steps in sequence.
Answer:
By transfecting small activating RNAs
Explanation:
Small activating RNAs (saRNAs) are an emerging class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are capable of activating gene expression at transcriptional level. The saRNAs are small double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that bind to promoter sequences in order to activate the expression of target genes. These molecules are structurally similar to small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), i.e., they also have a size of 21 nucleotides and two overhang nucleotides at the 3' end of both strands.
Options
A. Yes, because all enzymes and electron carriers are functional
B. No, because with a leaky membrane, the proton gradient cannot be maintained
C. No, because leaky membranes inhibit glycolysis
D. No, because leaky membranes do not allow NADH and FADH2 to donate their electrons to the electron transport chain
Answer:
B. No, because with a leaky membrane, the proton gradient cannot be maintained
Explanation:
The proton motive force (PMF) provides the needed pump to generate electrochemical gradients of proton needed for continue influx into the matix of the mitochondria. The proton Influx generates the energy needed by protein ATPase Synthase for synthesis of ATPs by adding inorganic phosphate to ADP to give ATP.
ADP + Pi -----------→ ATP.
If the mitochondria;l intramembrane leaks, then the PMF can not be sustained, therefore electtrochermical gradient which supplies the energy for ATP synthase for ATP synthesis will not be available. Therefore ATP synthesis stops.
Cancer: An abnormal growth of cells which tend to proliferate in an uncontrolled way and, in some cases, to metastasize (spread). Cancer is not one disease. It is a group of more than 100 different and distinctive diseases. Cancer can involve any tissue of the body and have many different forms in each body area.
im pretty sure it is the first one
