Answer: Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development
Explanation: Vygotsky's Cognitive Development Theory is the theory that states about the constructive behavior of the children to obtain the cognitive factors. Instruction ,guidance and interaction on social base is considered as the feature of the theory which enhances the learning , solving problem and other skills.
The situation mentioned in the question describes about the Vygotsky's theory because Dr Smith believes in improving the knowledge through instruction in 9-year old .
Information Processing Theory.
Information processing theory is described as a perspective by which developmental psychologists compare the processing of information by humans to the processing of information by computers. By doing so, it describes how information is being received, processed, stored and retrieved by the individual's brain in the learning process.
A) In classical conditioning, we need the toddler (US) to discontinue running across a street (UR) by associating it with something unpleasant.
During conditioning, we can use shouting as a neutral stimulus. (NS) Every time the toddler approaches the street (US) it will be associated with yelling. The toddler will then respond to the yelling with fear. (UR)
After conditioning, the toddler will associate crossing the street with fear, without the presence of yelling. (CR)
This method has been proved to generate phobias.
B) When it comes to removing a phobia, it may require <em>systematic desensitization</em>, a type a behavioral therapy based off of classical conditioning. It aims to remove fear (UR)
When the child sees the dog (US) the child is fearful (UR) so we would need relaxation techniques. For example, sweets can be used as a positive reinforcement. (NS)
During conditioning, every time the child is placed with a friendly dog, the child is rewarded with sweets. With enough repetition, the child will willing interact with the dog; play time is the conditioned stimulus, and sense of well-being is the conditioned response.
Answer: The discovery of gold nuggets in Sacramento Valley which came to be known as The California Gold Rush.
Answer:
A. To provide advance notice that formal rule making may be forthcoming
Explanation:
The Rules/Regulations by the government do not always able to be accepted directly by the citizens.
When the government is expecting such situation they tend to use informal agency actions to prepare the citizens that a certain type of law might be coming in the future.
This provide two benefits for the government:
1. The government could gauge initial reaction from the public. If they sense that it potentially lead to massive riots, they can either cancel or postpone the decision.
2. It is aimed to make the citizens prepare themselves for the upcoming law.
