Answer:
This scripture was cited at the end of Puritan John Winthrop's lecture or treatise, "A Model of Christian Charity" delivered on March 21, 1630 at Holyrood Church in Southampton before his first group of Massachusetts Bay colonists embarked on the ship Arbella to settle Boston.[2][3] Winthrop warned his fellow Puritans that their new community would be "as a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us", meaning, if the Puritans failed to uphold their covenant with God, then their sins and errors would be exposed for all the world to see: "So that if we shall deal falsely with our God in this work we have undertaken and so cause him to withdraw his present help from us, we shall be made a story and a byword through the world". Winthrop's lecture was forgotten for nearly two hundred years until the Massachusetts Historical Society published it in 1838. It remained an obscure reference for more than another century until Cold War era historians and political leaders made it relevant to their time, crediting Winthrop's text as the foundational document of the idea of American exceptionalism.[4]
Explanation:
That's an interpretive question that would ask us to get inside the mind of Lincoln from a distance a century and a half away. We do know that Lincoln long had moral and political objections to slavery. He had outlined some of those thoughts in a speech given in Peoria, Illinois, in 1854. But Lincoln's views on what to do about slavery were something that took shape over time. In the Peoria speech, he suggested that perhaps slaves should be freed in order to be returned to Africa. But as the conflict over slavery grew and the Civil War became a reality, Lincoln became firmer in seeing this as a struggle not just over preserving the Union but also a battle for human dignity and the principle of equality. And so in the Gettysburg Address, in 1863, he affirmed the principle stated by the Declaration of Independence, that all men are created equal. The massive number of casualties at the Battle of Gettysburg certainly gave impetus to Lincoln's words about preserving the Union and government of the people, by the people and for the people. But those ideas had been central to Lincoln's worldview before Gettysburg as well as in that speech.
Answer:
It meant that Northerners in free states were obligated, regardless of their feelings towards slavery, to turn escaped slaves who had made it North back over to their Southern masters.
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Explanation:
Upon achieving power, Hitler smashed the nation's democratic institutions and transformed Germany into a war state intent on conquering Europe for the benefit of the so-called Aryan race. His invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, triggered the European phase of World War II.
