Answer:
A. Type I is part of innate, nonspecific immunity, while type II is part of adaptive, specific immunity.
Explanation:
Type I interferons: Are produced early on during infection and are responsible for activation of the innate immune response, e.g Natural Killer cells.
Type II interferons: Are produced as part of the innate immune response and act as a link between innate immune response and activation of the adaptive immune response.
Plant cell needs cell wall whereas animal cell do not because the plants need rigid structure so that they can grow up and out . All cells have cell membranes, and the membranes are flexible. So animal cells can have various shapes, but plant cells only have the shapes of their cell walls.
Answer:
D. pigments; starch.
Explanation:
A cell can be defined as the fundamental or basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life for all living organisms. Some living organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular in nature.
A unicellular organism refers to a living organism that possess a single-cell while a multicellular organism has many (multiple) cells.
In a cell, the "workers" that perform various functions or tasks for the survival of the living organism are referred to as organelles.
A chromoplast can be defined as a heterogeneous organelle or plastids that is typically responsible for pigment synthesis and their storage in a plant. The pigments include red, orange, yellow or chlorophyll.
On the other hand, leucoplast is a colorless plastid i.e plastic lacking photosynthetic pigments that are typically found in storage organs, underground stems, cotelydons, roots, tubers, seeds, or endosperm etc., used for the storage of starch in the absence of sunlight.
Hence, a chromoplast stores pigments while a leucoplast stores starch.
Answer: A. Increase in temperature
Coastal upwelling is the process in which the deep water rises above the top most water level as the wind pushes water offshore. Nutrients which are present in the bottom layer get available to organisms living in the uppermost layer. The deeper water lacks oxygen because the decomposition of organic matter at the bottom of the water body consumes up available oxygen. Also, because of these water layer turnover will result in thermocline: temperature variation among the layers of water. Bottom layer water because of such decomposition processes will have more temperature when this water rises in the upper layer due to upwelling this will increase the temperature of the upper layer.
