Which two bodies systems work together to provide amino acids to the cells? *

Leigh's disease is a mitochondrially inherited disease with symptoms that include seizures, fatigue, impaired reflexes, breathin

Ahat [919]

About the question:

You will find the pedigree in the attached files

Answer:

individual 4 → Affected woman → Black circle
individual 5 → Affected woman or man → Black circle or square
individual 7 → Healthy woman → Empty circle
individual 10 → Affected boy → Black Square

Explanation:

Mitochondrial inheritance is the transmission of a disease or a trait from the maternal line.

Most of the DNI is in the nucleus, but there is also DNI in mitochondria. Sperm cells hardly transfer mitochondrial genes to the progeny, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this mitochondrial DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother genotype carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if an affected man is carrying a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.

Before answering the question, let us remember the pedigree symbols.

Squares represent Males/Men
Circles represent Females/Women
Empty symbols represent healthy/non-affected individuals
Solid black symbols represent sick/affected individuals

In the exposed pedigree, we can see that the mother is affected by the disease (individual number 2), so all her children are also affected (individuals 4, 5, and 6) because the disease is mitochondrially inherited.

Individual 3 is a healthy man, so individual 4 must be an affected woman (Black circle). As she is the one affected, then all her children will also be affected. This couple had one boy and two girls. Individuals 8 and 9 are girls (circle), so individual 10 must be the affected boy (black square).

On the other hand, individual 6 is an affected man (black square), son of individuals 1 and 2. This man couples with a woman, and they have all healthy children. So this woman (individual 7) must be healthy. Even though the man is affected, all their children are not because their mother (7) is not. Remember that sperm cells do not transmit the mitochondrial genes to the progeny.

And finally, individual number 5 might be either a man or a woman. In any case, this person is also affected by Leigh's disease.

5 0

3 years ago

Sperm tails in the fruit fly Drosophila bifurca can reach up to 6cm long, which is over 20 times the length of the organism itse

spayn [35]

Explanation:

The length of the sperm in a few species is much larger or giant than the size of the animal-like observed in the Drosophila bifurca.

In this fruit-fly, the tails of the sperm are too long which could be accounted for many reasons:

1. The sexual selection prefers the long tails over the small tail.

2. The large sperms can displace the small sperms in the female reproductive organ.

3. The female reproductive organ increases the promiscuity of the large sperms that is favour the large sperms over the small sperms.

7 0

3 years ago

Mutations can be beneficial. neutral. harmful. all of the above

d1i1m1o1n [39]

Harmful because they change how the genes are supposed to form and they can give disorders at times.

4 0

3 years ago

Why does natural selection act on the phenotypes rather than the genotype of an organism?

o-na [289]

This is why natural selection acts on phenotypes instead of genotypes. A phenotype is an organism's physical traits, while a genotype is an organism's genetic makeup. This may sound counter-intuitive since the genetic makeup does get passed on from generation to generation through reproduction.

5 0

3 years ago

The __________________ pulp of the spleen contains lymphocytes and serves to fight pathogens, whereas the __________________ pul

STatiana [176]

Answer:

The given blanks can be filled with white pulp and red pulp.

Explanation:

In the lymphatic system, the spleen is considered as the largest organ. It is situated in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity, the main function of the spleen is to filter blood containing the destructed cells, pathogens like viruses and bacteria, and cellular debris.

The spleen generates and develops the mature immune cells, which possess the tendency of finding and eliminating the pathogens. The white pulp of the spleen comprises the immune cells, that is, the B and T lymphocytes, which help in fighting against the pathogens.

On the other hand, the red pulp of the spleen comprises connective tissue called the cords of Billroth, and various splenic sinusoids, which are filled with blood, providing it a red appearance. Its main function is to filter the blood containing microbes, pathogens, and worn-out or the defective RBCs.

6 0

3 years ago