There are four general types of pathogens. Bacteria, such as E. coli are living things that grown on protein-rich sources such as foods. They can be killed with high heat, or treated with antibiotics Viruses are non-living and cannot be treated with antibiotics. Fungi have their own cell membranes and organelles, which makes antibiotics harder to use. Parasites are living organisms that live and feed off of their host.
Introns are parts of genes that do not directly code for proteins. (2)
Exons are parts of DNA that are converted into mature messenger RNA (mRNA). (6) The process by which DNA is used as a template to create mRNA is called transcription.
