Answer:
Stem cell is the special type of cell that can differentiate to give any cells in the body. Cell therapy nowadays are using stem cell in order to replace damaged tissue.
Researchers are finding out ways to treat diseases like diabetes, Parkinson's, spinal cord injury and heart injury etc. These cells have the ability to repair damaged heart cells after a heart attack. They can also treat neurological problems.
Answer:
Plasma. The liquid component of blood is called plasma, a mixture of water, sugar, fat, protein, and salts.
Explanation:
Answer:
False
Explanation:
A virus (which is a pathogen) has a lot of antigens on its surface, so they can't be used interchangeably.
Carbon dioxide can be transported through the blood via three methods. It is dissolved directly in the blood, bound to plasma proteins or hemoglobin, or converted into bicarbonate.
The majority of carbon dioxide is transported as part of the bicarbonate system. Carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells. Inside, carbonic anhydrase converts carbon dioxide into carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is subsequently hydrolyzed into bicarbonate (HCO3−) and H+. The H+ ion binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells, and bicarbonate is transported out of the red blood cells in exchange for a chloride ion. This is called the chloride shift.
Bicarbonate leaves the red blood cells and enters the blood plasma. In the lungs, bicarbonate is transported back into the red blood cells in exchange for chloride. The H+ dissociates from hemoglobin and combines with bicarbonate to form carbonic acid with the help of carbonic anhydrase, which further catalyzes the reaction to convert carbonic acid back into carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide is then expelled from the lungs.
The correct answer is "coarctation of the aorta". In coarctation of the aorta, there is an abnormal narrowing of the aorta, most commonly in the abdominal aorta, which compromises blood flow from going into the lower extremities. Patients with coarctation of the aorta most commonly presents with tachypnea as this is a high pressure congenital heart defect which makes breathing harder for the baby; diminished femoral pulses and poor lower body perfusion as the narrowing compromises blood flow. In physical examination, there will be a narrow ankle-brachial index, or the difference between the pulse pressures of the ankle (lower extremity) and the brachium (upper extremity).
