The correct answer is wealthy or rich.
In America during the Articles of Confederation, many public officials did not get paid. This is because the federal government lacked the ability to collect taxes from states. Without any new sources of revenue, the individuals running for public office had to be people who were willing to work without a guaranteed salary. Only the most wealthy citizens were able to do this, as a majority of Americans would not survive without some sort of compensation.
Answer:
Definitely the second one ;D
Explanation:
Do you know the context?
I suppose the quotation is stressing that the writer has put a lot of effort into getting their argument/grievances heard by the parliament, and that said parliament is 'tyrannical', implying that it rules without concern for the people or accountability to them. It seems that the quote may be a way of justifying some later action, essentially saying; 'we've tried and failed to do this in the proper way, so now we must be more forceful'.
The answer is number 2. the answer is number 2 because she fought for civil rights in 1955 and so on, not making her the very first civil rights spokesperson. But, it inspired many others.