Philip II was not appointing nobles to fill government positions. He used paid middle-class officials who would owe their loyalty to him. He granted charters to many new towns, organized a standing army, and introduced a new national tax. That way Philip II developed S<span>pain's national identity and strengthen royal power.</span>
A 1st Manassas
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The Roman Empire (?) The Roman Empire had a LOT of land and it became the Holy Roman Empire at some point - so it’s either the Roman Empire or the Holy Roman Empire
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The Palmer Raids were a series of raids conducted in November 1919 and January 1920 during the First Red Scare by the United States Department of Justice under the administration of President Woodrow Wilson to capture and arrest suspected leftists, mostly Italian immigrants and Eastern European immigrants
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