Any transformation that is getting smaller is a dilation. Bigger, an enlargment. In this instance, it is a scale factor of 1/2, because scale factor 1 is congruent, greater than one an enlargement, less than one but greater than zero is a dilation.
Answer:

<em>Hope this helps!!!</em>
To make estimates, we usually round the numbers the nearest integer.
Since 1.9 is closest to 2 than it is to 1, the nearest integer of 1.9 is 2.
Similarly, since 4.4 is closest to 4 than it is to 5, the nearest integer of 4.4 is 4.
Now, to estimate the area of the farm, we are going to multiply our two integers:
Estimated Area of the Farm=

x

Since 8 is between 4 and 10, we can conclude that the best estimate of the area of the farm is:
between 4 and 10
Let's make W = width, and L = length.
What do we know? We know that P = 40 yards, and L = W + 1.5 .
The formulas for perimeter and area are:
P = 2W+2L
A = W*L
We can set P to 40, and since L = W+1.5, we can substitute that in for L.
40 = 2W + 2 (W+1.5)
40 = 2W + 2W + 3
37 = 4W
W = 37/4
We can plug that into L to find the length.
L = W + 1.5
L = 37/4 + 3/2
L = 43/4
Now, we plug into the area formula!
A = L*W
A = 43/4 * 37/4
A = 1591/16 or 99.43 yd^2
Area of big rectangle = LxW
=18 x 31
= 558 mm squared
area of small parallelogram= b x h
= 13 x 6
= 78 mm squared
area of shaded part = 558-78=480mm squared