Answer:
Option (A).
Explanation:
Haptens may be defined as incomplete antigen that are not capable of inducing an immune response.
Hapten is a small molecule that reacts with specific antibody but only generates an immune response when these are conjugated with the carriers or proteins. Penicillin is a hapten and generates an immune response when conjugated with the carrier molecule.
Thus, the correct answer is option (A).
Answer:
c. Taq polymerase is heat-stable and can withstand high temperatures.
Explanation:
The process of PCR amplifies a small amount of DNA into multiple copies. For the purpose, the sample DNA fragments are denatured at higher temperature conditions (around 95 degrees Celsius). This separates the two strands of the sample DNA which in turn serve as a template. Taq polymerase from a thermophile can withstand the extremes of the temperature conditions required for denaturation of sample DNA. Unlike the DNA polymerases from other organisms such as humans, Taq polymerase is not denatured at higher temperatures.
Therefore, Taq polymerase can be used as an enzyme of primer elongation to amplify the DNA by PCR.
Respiratory system helps in breathing and it leads to exhalation of the gas carbon dioxide which is not required by the body. The integumentary system is the first line of defense and protects the body from invadig microbes, dust, and other harmful substances. The digestive system protects the body by enabling digestio of food and providing energy to sustain, further the toxic waste materials are also released during the process.
Answer:
1. Sorting. The simplest way to separate mechanical mixtures is by sorting.
2. Floating. Sometimes, parts of a mechanical mixture will float on the surface.
3. Settling. Sand and cocoa powder both settle in water.
4. Using a Magnet. Some metals such as iron and steel are attracted to magnets.
5. Using Sieves and Filters.
6. Dissolving.
Explanation:
Mixtures can be separated using a variety of techniques.
Chromatography involves solvent separation on a solid medium.
Distillation takes advantage of differences in boiling points.
Evaporation removes a liquid from a solution to leave a solid material.
Filtration separates solids of different sizes.
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