Answer:
1) Firstly, lets sort out the alleles for the dominant and recessive characteristics. The dominant brown allele will be written as B and the recessive red hair allele will be written as b.
2) Lets sort out the genotype of the parents. The parent having homozygous brown coloured hair will carry the alleles BB. The parent carrying the heterozygous brown coloured hair will carry the alleles Bb.
3) The punnet square from these parents will be drawn as follows:
B b
B BB Bb
B BB Bb
4) Now, lets predict the phenotype of the offsprings. The results from the punnet square show that all of the offsprings will have brown coloured hair.
5) The genotype for the children will have 50% chance to be homozygous brown (BB) and 50% chance to be heterozygous brown (Bb).
You have to do the cross-back before making any conclusions.
The membrane bound organelle you refer to is the Lysosome. The lysosome fuses with a vacuole where it digest the contents.
Answer: The change in the structure of the genes or change in the DNA sequence is called mutation. The mutations are of different types that are deletion, rearrangement, insertion and others.
Explanation:
Mutation in which the one to several nucleotides get changed at a point is called point mutation. The point mutation can be in the form of deletion, substitution, and insertion. Deletion will involve the removal of nucleotide that involves the change in the sequence of DNA. When the nucleotide is added to the genome it is called insertion. In deletion and insertion the whole sequence of nucleotides from the point of mutation get displaced this affect the codons in the amino acid sequence which is responsible for protein synthesis so the functioning of the body may get affected by such mutations.
In the case of substitution the new nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence and the one which was already present at that place is removed. So, only one amino acid in the sequence will change so the polypeptide structure will not be affected.
The organism that is recycling nutrients is bacteria.
