It was primarily "the recognition of treaty rights" and "Native American self-government" that prompted the Native American Civil Rights Movement, since many Natives were not being respected at all by the US government.
Most of the time; less than always, but more than occasionally.
By promising ALL citizens basic rights in the First Amendment such as freedom of speech, of press, of religion, and of assembly as opposed to having those rights dictated by a king. Also by guaranteeing that any powers not specifically stated in the document are given to the states and the people, as opposed to having one ruler decide all.
The British won.
Opium War or the Anglo-Chinese War, was a series of military engagements fought between Great Britain and the Qing dynasty of China. Chinese officials clamped down on the banned opium trade, and threatened the death penalty to future offenders, causing offence toward the British government. The British dominated the trade and were much stronger militarily. They defeated the Chinese, and imposed a penalty that gave Western powers special privileges to trade with China.