It would be better to choose the A variant. Looks like the mostly fair
Yes it's a assertion due to the simple fact that im the statement you have made you have a fact that is given " it was one of the most important equation..." that was a fact that was given
now mind you assertion means a statement of forceful fact or belief
so yess it's a assertion
there are no choices of phases here
I believe it’s c, I don’t know
Hope it helps
Discriminative , judging , cruel , insulting , horrible