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Which is a prime number? a 16 b 17 c 18 d 20
2 answers:
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Let's call the distance from the beach to the playground x.
Let's call the distance from the stand to the parking lot z.
Let's call the base of the biggest triangle in the picture (from the parking lot to the left) y.
Recall the pythagorean theorem: the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle is equal to the square of the hypotenuse.
There are three right triangles we can work with.
Triangle with sides 48, x and z. Here z is the hypotenuse so we get the equation
Triangle with sides 27, x and y. Here y is the hypotenuse so we get
Triangle with sides z, y and (48+27). Here (48+27) is the hypotenuse so we get
. That is, 
We have 3 equations and 3 unknowns (x, y and z). So let's take the last equation:
and replace 
and 
using expressions that contain an expression in terms of x from the first two equations we came up with.
That gives us:
which we solve for x as follows:
Now that we know x we can substitute 36 for x into the equation
and solve for z as follows:
This means that the distance from the beach to the parking lot is 36 m and the distance from the stand to the parking lot is 60 m.
Let's call the distance from the stand to the parking lot z.
Let's call the base of the biggest triangle in the picture (from the parking lot to the left) y.
Recall the pythagorean theorem: the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle is equal to the square of the hypotenuse.
There are three right triangles we can work with.
Triangle with sides 48, x and z. Here z is the hypotenuse so we get the equation
Triangle with sides 27, x and y. Here y is the hypotenuse so we get
Triangle with sides z, y and (48+27). Here (48+27) is the hypotenuse so we get
We have 3 equations and 3 unknowns (x, y and z). So let's take the last equation:
That gives us:
Now that we know x we can substitute 36 for x into the equation
This means that the distance from the beach to the parking lot is 36 m and the distance from the stand to the parking lot is 60 m.
Answer:
So the value of height that separates the bottom 85% of data from the top 15% is 38.32.
C) 38.32
Step-by-step explanation:
1) Previous concepts
Normal distribution, is a "probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean".
The Z-score is "a numerical measurement used in statistics of a value's relationship to the mean (average) of a group of values, measured in terms of standard deviations from the mean".
2) Solution to the problem
Let X the random variable that represent the waiting time in minutes of a population, and for this case we know the distribution for X is given by:
Where and
And the best way to solve this problem is using the normal standard distribution and the z score given by:
We want to find a value a, such that we satisfy this condition:
(a)
(b)
Both conditions are equivalent on this case. We can use the z score again in order to find the value a.
As we can see on the figure attached the z value that satisfy the condition with 0.85 of the area on the left and 0.15 of the area on the right it's z=1.04. On this case P(Z<1.04)=0.85 and P(z>1.04)=0.15
If we use condition (b) from previous we have this:
But we know which value of z satisfy the previous equation so then we can do this:
And if we solve for a we got
So the value of height that separates the bottom 85% of data from the top 15% is 38.32.
C) 38.32