In 1862, Congress passed the Pacific Railway Act, which authorized the construction of a transcontinental railroad The first such railroad was completed on May 10, 1869 Four of the five transcontinental railroads were built with assistance from the federal government through land grants.
As white settlement increased, the government began to set aside land called reservations<span> for American Indian groups.</span>
To provide the President with the support that he or she needs to govern effectively, the Executive Office of the President (EOP) was created in 1939 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
