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D. rigidity and shape that's why in plants they stand upright for photosynthetic process.
The geosphere has four subsystems called the lithosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and atmosphere. Because these subsystems interact with each other and the biosphere, they work together to influence the climate, trigger geological processes, and affect life all over the Earth.
Answer:
The size of a population of microorganisms in liquid culture may bemeasured by counting cells directly or by first diluting the original sample and then counting cell numbers (see below), or by taking some indirect method such as the turbidity (cloudiness) of the culture.
Explanation:
Answer:
Amino acid substitutions at the interaction interface may result in binding affinity changes, and thus affect the structure of the protein complex. ... This structural change may significantly affect the binding energy, and make the protein complex unstable
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